The Dining Halls At Virginia State University - 955 Words

Food plays an important role in our lives, especially in college. Food affects people financially, nutritionally, and educationally. The dining halls at Virginia State University are a major source of meals and food for students. Needless to say, it is important that those students can eat at these dining halls. The problem with this is that the cost of campus dining is way too expensive for the limited options we have. At Virginia State University, students are paying $8,226 per year for their education, while they spend $4,738 for the campus dining. That is basically half of the tuition! While most would hope if they were paying almost the equivalent amount of their tuition on their meal plan, they would be receiving a quality dining plan; however at Virginia State, that is not the case. There are limited choices at VSU; usually only two places are open. If you choose not to eat at Jones dining hall or Foster, you are forced to purchase meals off campus from Friday to Sunday night. This can become quite expensive for an unemployed college student on a budget. It can be worse for those students who do not have transportation. Another issue is the fact that many of the dining facilities are located on the main campus, this makes it harder for students who live on the opposite side to have to walk across campus for food. This limits our choices, even more, considering those who decline to take the lo ng walk for cafà © food that isn’t even satisfying. The United StatesShow MoreRelatedNorthwest Missouri State University Case Study1616 Words   |  7 PagesMissouri State University Northwest Missouri State University is a great place for everybody to learn. They have a numerous amount of majors and make it easy for first time freshman, transfer students, and international students to apply. NWMSU has many activities for everybody including intramurals, concerts, and recreation centers. 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The Islamic Marriage In Perspective - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2534 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Statistics Essay Did you like this example? 1.0 Introduction. The Muslims do not see the house as a static entity. As the environment for the generation of life, it is itself a living and dynamic entity. Hence à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“waalaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? talk of the need to continually build up the house. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Islamic Marriage In Perspective" essay for you Create order This task needs a man and woman in order to be accomplished. As a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Waalaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? saying goes, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“it needs a man and a woman to build a houseà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢, For whilst the man digs the soil the woman provides the water without which he cannot make the motar for the buildingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?. Here again, we see how, in a nuanced way, the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“waalaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? refer both to the sexual division of labor in the putting up of a physical house and the cooperation of the sexes in the generation of children within the social house. In this way, I have the double reference to the house as a physical and social entity. Through these statements, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Waalaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? acknowledge the importance of marriage. However they do not see marriage as establishing a household. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Waalaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? believe that the House has already been setup by the forebears. It is a task of the descendants to keep the house in existence. Marriage is thus a necessary means of keeping the house a lived through history. Hence a young man is said to à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“take a wifeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? (depogaa) into his house whilst a young girl à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“homes a housebandà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? (kulisira). Girls are destined to marry outside their own patriling into another personà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s houseà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? and thus educated to help à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“buildà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? their husbandsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ houses even if they are never considered full members in it. Infact, the remaining members of their own patriclan are expected to be responsible and respectable ambassadors of their own families within their husband sà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ own. Throughout the world and through out history there have been, and still are, a variety of matrimonial systems each of which is the fruit of inventiveness and adaptation to local circumstances. The Islamic marriage system is one of them, it has its peculiarities and specific characteristics, carved out by tradition. For the Muslims, marriage is the union of a man and a woman, having in mind the reciprocal services of domestic life and the procreation of children, this union is made possible through the mutual agreement between the kinship group of the man and the woman. Therefore, marriage is not just the affairs of the man and the woman, for the bond that unites them as husband and wife unites at the same time their two lineage groups. Man alone is incomplete and more so the woman, they are like two halves of a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Calabashà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? which have to be reunited to have a whole à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Calabashà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?. The complete human being is the couple (man and woman) and it has been like that since the beginning. For the two, it is the accession to their true maturity especially if their union results in an offspring; Marriage is the fine threshold to cross on earth in the growth through childhood. Celibacy always conserves something if childish immaturity in the eyes of the society. The relation husband-wife is therefore constitutive of the human being and marriage which creates this relation is thus greatly varied. 1.2 Backgrounds to the study Islam recognizes values of sex and advocates marriage. Islam does not believe in celibacy. The prophet of Islam has said à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“marriage is my sunnah (that is recommended action of the prophet) and whoever does not follow my sunnah is not true follower à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“(Ibn Haiah Basum Nilah) All has commanded the Muslims to marry.(Quran 24:33)in Islam, marriage is considered as one of the essential element of adulthood in Islamic context. And marriage is also considered as an essentially a contract. In Islam, both Muslim men and women must satisfy certain conditions before one can go into marriage. The conditions include: There must be a clear proposal There must be a clear acceptance There must be at least the competent. After satisfying the about conditions, the marriage must be witness by the competent persons from both the manà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s family and the womenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s family. Respectively. It is necessary to exclude illicit sex and to safeguard legitimacy of progeny. It is recommended that marriage should be widely publicized. The à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“heartà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? of marriage is the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“marriage giftà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?, little or more, by the bridegroom to the bride. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Dowry or marriage gift by bridegroom to the bribe is a symbolic expression of the groomà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s cognizance of the economic responsibilities of marriage and of his readiness to assume all responsibilities subsequent to marriageà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? Dowry is not any price paid either to wife or family of the wife. Dowry should be estimated according to the circumstances with emphasis on moderation. The prophet (S. A. W.) is reported to have said that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“the most blessed marriageà ¢Ã¢ ‚ ¬? is that which is least costly and most easyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?. Marriage is usually a group affair and the ceremony involves, besides the couple and their immediate relations distant kinsfolk, neighbors and friends. Nor is their involvement limited to the ceremony. It is necessary during the preliminary negotiations which culminate in the ceremony. That is why it is said that Ghanaian marriage is between families and not individuals. This view has added significance because in our extended system, the interest of the relatives in the marriage means that the two families have become affirnal real kin of the two sides. Nukunya (2003). According to G. E. kpiebaya à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“the word à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Bride priceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? instead of the usual word dowry for a reason. The word dowry is often used to refer to the practice among many Africans peoples of giving some goods in exchange for a wife, but strictly speaking, dowry is the money, or the property a woman brings to her husband at marriage. In Africa, in general, it is the boy, not the girl who brings money, property and services to the girlà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s family.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? In my candle opinion, the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Bride price or Bride health is the consideration (thus the benefit to the bridegroom. The consideration paid by the bride should be within the limit of the bride and should be recommended by Islam advocates and confined within the teachings of Islam. The importance of the dowry (bride price, bride health) can not be overemphaised. The bride price is never seen traditionally as payment for the girl, but as an indemnity to the family (kpiebaya) , payment of the dowry (bride price, bride health) is a symbolic of the marriage procedure and finally legalize the marriage contract. Once the bride price has been paid by the bride, it confers sexual rights on both parties. Since lslam discourage celibacy. Payments of the dowry also legitimize the unborn children and also the dowry serves as a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“stabiserà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ to the marriage for once the girlà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s people have receiued it they are not readily prepared to retune it should a breakdown occur. It is therefore in their interest to maintain the marriageà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? (G. E. kpiebaaya). à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Walimahà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? is a food reception which follows the consummation of the marriage, to make it public. It is offered by the parents of the married couple, by their friends, or by the newly married couple themselves. Friends, relatives, and neighbors are usually invited. This food reception should be within the means of the couple and recommended by lslam. The companion Anas reported that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“the prophet (S. A. W. ) Saw a trace of yellow on Abd Ar à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Bahaman /bn à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Awf, and asked: what is this? He answered: l got married. The prophet (S.A.W.) said: may Allah make it a blessing for you. Make a Walimah, even with only sheep.(Al-Bukhari,Muslim,Al-Tirmizi,Abu Dawood and Malik) . In human life, every human being good through three (3) importance stages in life and each of these stages is marked with celebration and other financial commitment. The stages include: Out- adoring ceremony. Adulthood and marriage ceremony. Death and funeral ceremony. The celebration of these activities should not bring any hardship to those performing them. Recently, the Islamic marriage institution has turn in to a financial institution where Muslims barrow with à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢collateral securityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ and save with a very hard à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢sting conditions.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ Those Muslims who has not gotten the said à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢collateral security à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ cannot borrow from the Islamic marriage institution. In conclusion marriage is a religious right for Muslim brothers and sisters and this has been recommended by the messenger of Allah (S.A.W.) and His Companions. Emphasis is placed on the affordability of the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Dowryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? (Bride pride). 1.3 Statement of the problem Allah created men and women so that they can provide company to one another, have one another, procreate children and live in peace and tranquility to the commandments of Allah and the directions of His messenger. Nature has so arranged that man and woman are attracted toward each other. This natural attraction binds them together and leads them to live a common life and form a family. This natural tendency or the instinct of sex, like any other instinct, should be guided to the right direction so that it may be utilized in the service of humanity. In the wake of keen desire to established conjugal relations between them selves, man and woman enter into a contract known as marriage or matrimonial contract. This contract has great importance in human life, for it unites the existence of two persons in many ways. It lays the foundation of the life of a human infant and deeply influences his body, life, thought and future actions. That is why a marriage contract is regarded a sacred by various nations and enough attention has been paid in different legal systems to the question connected with it. Islam has also attached great importance to the question of marriage in its social system. In the holy Quran and the sayings of the holy prophet and the imams we find that marriage has been greatly encouraged. The holy prophet has been reported to have said à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“No institution of island is liked by Allah more than that of marriageà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?. Despite the numerous importance marriage in Islamic context. Individual Muslims have tend it into money ventures making it very difficult for afford this huge sum of money to go into marriage. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“The introduction of new concepts into the Islamic marriage has created difficulties for those who can afford and stand the test of time. The concept include:, showing of identical clothes, hiring of canopies, expensive dowry, hiring of record dance (stero) and among others is an indication that new concepts have been added to the in stilton of marriage besides its traditional concepts due to individual perusal interest. This practices and concepts currently introduced into the Islamic marriage have undermined the integrity of Islam as a religion. I there for urged every meaning, concerned and patriotic Muslim to stand elementally against these practicesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦..à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? Mr. Daud Baaba à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Adidas delivered a paper on Islamic marriage, radio progress current affairs. 1.4 Research question (s) Main research question What are the impacts of the commercialization of marriage on Islamic marriage? Sub-question: How is Islamic marriage contracted? What are the essential requirements of Islamic marriage? Are there changes to the essential requirements of Islamic marriage? What are the impacts of these changes on Islamic marriage? 1.5 Research objective (s) Main research objective To assess the impact of commercialization of marriage on Islamic marriage Sub-objectives To identify the procedure of Islamic marriage To identify the requirements of Islamic marriage To determine the changes in procedure and requirements of Islamic marriage overtime. To assess the impact of these changes and Islamic marriage. 1.6 PURPOSE OF THE RESEARCH This research is intended to examine the factors or Circumstances that led the commercialization of the Islamic marriage which currently made very difficult for Young Mushin boys and girls to go into marriage as prescribed by the Holy Book (Quran). The findings the research will be made available to the Islamic Communities and other interested bodies and institutions. CHAPTER TWO 2.0 Literature review This chapter will consist of two (2) Termantic areas. Thus theoretical Framework which comprise previous literature undertook by prominent scholars, journals textbooks both published and non-published on: The procedure on Islamic marriage The requirements of Islamic marriage The changes in procedure and requirement of Islamic marriage The impact of the recent changes in procedure and requirement on Islamic marriage. The second phase of this chapter is the conceptual framework of the procedures and requirements of Islamic marriage. Chapter Three Methodology 3.0 Introduction This chapter deals with the description of the study design; study Area, Population sampling method, sampling Size. Data Collection Approach, interview. and questionnaire 3.1 Study design The research design will follow the following pattern, the topic or title, introduction, Background, problem analysis or statement of the problem, the research question, the research objective , Literature Review, Methodology, Findings and discussion of sub-objectives, conclusion, Recommendations and References. Ha win C (1989), Research Design strategies and choices in the design of social research. Pathways Analysis (Dietz) 3.2 Study Area: WA municipality especially WA township where the practice of the commercialization of marriage on the Islamic Institution is the most affected area. Wa Municipal is one of the nine (9) Districts in the Upper West Region. 3.3 Secondary Data The researcher intended to collect data from the following sources; papers delivered by prominent Islamic scholars, Islamic scholars who have researched into Islamic marriage, Articles publications and son on. 3.4 Population The population of the research will be the Muslim community in Wa Township and it environs. 3.5 Sampling Method; Two main sampling method or technique would be adopted thus; stratified random sampling and purposive sampling procedure Stratified random sampling: In stratified sampling, the sampler divides the population into homogeneous unites. That is to say, if the sampler has any reason to believe that the population has many dissimilar elements or individuals, 3.6 Sample Size The sample size is the number of respondents the researcher will be dealing within the population. Two hundred (200) respondents is targeted 3.7 Data Collection Approach; The researcher intended to use one main methods which include; and questionnaire. The research findings will be both qualitative and quantitative 3.8Questionnaires Formal questions will be framed and written down for the respondents to provide the answers. As a method for data collection, questionnaire is and efficient way to collect statistically quantifiable information. The researcher intended to use an open- ended question. Open-ended questions give flexibility in answering questions. Respondents can express themselves as fully as they wish. The researcher intended to administer one hundred and fifty (150) questionnaires. Network Analysis ( Long 1989, Cees Lewis 1990, Villareal 1990) PROPOSED BUDGET Component Quantity Unit price Totals A-4 Sheet Five (5) 45.00 22.50 Type setting and photocopy of questionnaire One hundred and fifty GH ¢7 for type setting (a) 10p per photo copy (a) 100 questionnaires 1050 Field Assistance Four (4) 50.00 200.00 Digital Camera for research purpose One 1 350.00 350.00 Final typesetting of thesis work One 1 200.00 200.00 Photo copy of thesis work Five (5) 20.00 100.00 Type setting of Interviews questions Fifty (50) GH ¢7 for the setting 70 Allowance for secretary One 1 50.00 50.00 Photocopy of interview questions Fifty 70Gp for 50 3.50 Traveling Transport for researcher Five (5) gallons of petrol 5.30 26.50 Miscellaneous 174.00 TOTALS 2,246.50 Note: This Budget is subject to amendment and review depending on the prices of component at the time of the thesis writing PROPOSED TIME AND COMPLETION OF THESIS Activity Time frame Gathering of Data December 2010 January 2010 Analysis of data February March 2010 Write à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" up of final thesis 1stApril 2010 30thApril 2010 Submission of thesis to the faculty 1stMay 2010 31stMay 2010

Women and 19-Century Domesticity in The Yellow Wallpaper

American Literature II 2120 25 March 2013 Women and 19-Century Domesticity in â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman is a short story about a new mother attempting to overcome her diagnosis of depression by being cooped up in a room without normal human interaction as prescribed by a top-rated male psychologist. The gender role expected of the nineteeth century woman was not ideal to the main character. The story goes on to critique the treatment plan set forth by her husband and psychologist. This in turn critiques the entire belief system in the nineteeth century that women should not be working outside the home. Gilman reveals in â€Å"Why I Wrote ‘The Yellow Wallpaper’?† that the story parallels one of†¦show more content†¦The emotions inside of her need to get out and her so called psychologist is forcing her to keep them in. The men in this time did not understand why a woman would ever want to do anything but stay in the home and t he fact that she didn’t meant she was going or already insane. They forced her into domesticity until it eventually drove her mad. She begins to obsess over the wallpaper and the woman trapped inside. While no one is watching, for fear of getting into trouble for her foolish actions, she peels the wallpaper slowly to help the woman escape. She acts so normal when the husband is around just like a puppet. Pretending to be the prefect housewife and mother he has expected her to be all along. The wallpaper design is a metaphor for the men in society keeping women in their accepted role in life in the nineteenth century. Gilman especially wanted out of this role and wanted to show the way for the rest of women who were stranded in these roles, like she was. In the early nineteenth century, women were expected to be, â€Å"‘angels in the house,’ loving, self-sacrificing, and chaste wives, mothers and daughters or they are†¦ ultimately doomed† (King et al. 23). Women of this time were supposed to be domestic creatures and not tap so far into their intellectual abilities (King et al.). The role of women in the nineteenth century is described: From the 1840s on, architects, clergymen, and other promoters of the so-called cult of domesticity had idealized theShow MoreRelatedOppression of Women in 19th Century Literature1564 Words   |  7 PagesOppression of Women in 19th Century Literature In the stories â€Å"The Jewelry† by Guy de Maupassant, â€Å"The Story of an Hour† by Kate Chopin, and â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, the female characters are unequal and less important than the men in society. The duties of women during this time period did not consist of much more than seeing to her husband’s needs and caring for the home and children. The authors show the lack of independence women were allowed in the 1800s, especiallyRead MoreWomen Oppression: Revolution through Revelation Essay2008 Words   |  9 PagesCharlotte Perkins Gilman, â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† Charlotte Perkins Gilman wrote â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† to evaluate and review the role that women played in the eternal bond of marriage and also to shed light upon the fact that women of that period made none of their own decisions. Something that must be pointed out without foregoing any further analysis is that the name of the narrator is never revealed in full which, one can imagine, is a glimpse into the oppression women faced during this time. Without

Analysis of Retail Marketing of Nivea

Question: Discuss about the Case Study of Nivea for Retail Marketing. Answer: Introduction Retail marketing mix includes assortment, private labels, price and acquisition finance, customer service, communication, store environment, store location, customer loyalty policy. Studies of marketing organization focused largely on its role in implementation of the marketing paradigm are always being made for boosting sales and creating new user base. There are two benefits of marketing for a product. First, it is an important tool used to enable one to see that the marketing managers job is, in a large part, a matter of trading off the benefits of ones competitive strengths in the marketing mix against the benefits of others. The second benefit of the marketing mix is that it helps to reveal another dimension of the marketing managers job. Today we will discuss about Niveas marketing measures which has helped it generate great sales. Nivea, the leading skincare brand is the brainchild of the famous international company named Beiersdorf. Over the last 10 years, the company has grown in all its sectors rapidly in UK. Some of its other products are Elastoplast, Eucerin and Atrixo. The company has well balanced itself in the consumer industry with a strong portfolio of well performing products. Any brand, to be a good success in the market needs to have a range of products that complement one another. So, does the brand Nivea. The entire range of products under the NIVEA brand includes products catering to female body and face products, shaving gel and fairness products for men, a whole range of sun care, age revival and deodorant products. The market segmentation strategy of Nivea as shown in the above diagram says it all how well individual and consumer requirements are fulfilled. Basically a product or a service to be successful one requires segmenting the market in sub-segments. These help responding to different marketing activities in different manners. The following are the two basis of such market segmentation made by Nivea:- A segment where consumers have similar needs and trends A segment where specific products meet specific needs (The Times 100, 2008) One can consider this to be the macro way of looking at it covering the entire beauty and skin care market. While the micro level works inside every segment specifically (Kulkarni, 2007). Huge success of Nivea expanded the brand over 14 product categories by the end of the year 2006. In the year 1980, fresh unexploited grounds were explored by Beiersdorf with the launch of their NIVEA for men range. It was an international groundbreaking success. Their first aftershave balm product having no alcohol was the first of its kind in the market. Soon it became an everyday household name as it gave men irritation less aftershave usage. By the year 1993 Nivea for men came up with an entire range of products for the growing male consumers. The brand has strong knowledge about the market of skin care products and their research and development team keeps innovating products that customers needed (Anonymous). This new range of product was the marketing game plan for the Nivea brand that brought a new concept in the market that male customers can now indulge into skin care like women. Advertising Strategy Current Vs Traditional A whole range of body products catering to male, female and its assorted baby care products has made it a huge success. One can now easily associate the product with its blue and white colored combination. The brand has successfully created an image of being authentic, user friendly, environment friendly and one that offers good quality at reasonable costs. When a brand offers wide range of products to all the age groups, it becomes an ideal choice for an entire generation. Here we will show the marketing mix and advertising strategy undertaken by Nivea and how the brand dealt with the four Ps of marketing. The following is the traditional advertising strategy taken up by the brand to market itself. Product In the statement made by Panya Chokchai (2013), consumers today prioritizes only trusted brands which gives credibility and delivers services as per the requirement of the consumer. A brand is considered to be successful only when it is concerned about the benefit it provides and the reputation it derives. Products are those which are offered to the market for deriving attention, usage or consumption for the satisfaction of a need or a want (Kotler, 2011). Nivea covers these all. For ensuring standard quality RD becomes an important aspect for Nivea. If one notices their web page one will find there are over 150 cosmetic and dermatological researchers, chemists and pharmacists working with the brand day in and out for improving the result of their products. Price The brand claims to be a quality product offering products at a ten times lesser cost than the competition. The advertising strategy to place the cost of its product encompasses the idea More for the same where at the reasonable price better quality consumer products are offered. Following are a brief overview of the pricing strategy of the brand:- Focus of cost is based on product and not consumers Initial penetration prices are low Price skimming for unique products. Place Virtually you can find the brand everywhere you look around you. One can find the products in supermarkets, cooperatives, and discount pharmacies as well as in high status retail stores. With its strong and varied distribution strategy the advertising strategy of the bran is covered as one can find it everywhere. Promotion Activities performed by companies for communicating to existing customers and drawing the attention of potential customers all come under promotion. Numerous channels are used by Nivea for promoting itself. Advertisements of Nivea can be found everywhere in newspapers, magazines, and electronic media and on physical boards. Traditional Advertising Tools For creating an awareness of a product in the eyes of a consumer, advertising techniques are used. Although the main task is creation of awareness it eventually ends into sales generations. Nivea has been using traditional methods of advertising exist till today and is quite effective in its own ways. These are billboards, newspapers, magazines, radios, flyers etc. Billboards are one of the largest forms of advertising and they exist till today in popular locations where it is bound to fetch the travelers eyes. Their placement is of utmost important as depending on their placement their success will be determined. Another very old form of traditional advertising tool is the newspaper medium. Every newspaper has a readership associated with it. Nivea advertisements placed in reputed dailies can draw immediate attention of reads to it. Magazines used more than newspapers these days with their high quality printing, color and gloss make brand advertising glamorous. Hence it is a very de sirable space to display products. A very old form of traditional advertising tool is the radio. A small Nivea audio commercial ranging from 30 to 60 sec can cover huge customer based as radio signals cover large areas (Lauren, 2016). New Media Advertising Tools In the current era, the company focuses more and more on promotions. Some of the various new media advertising tools used by the company are the mobile media, blogs, social media, photo sharing sites, QR codes, push notifications, webinars, tweets, podcasts, RSS feeds, mashups and video sharing mediums. Not that Nivea has discarded its traditional ways but adapting to these new advertising tools has boosted customer reach ability. The brand uses this mix for informing and persuading the end user to make a call to action act with regards to the Neva products. The main purpose is to transform the demand quotient for the products for achieving equal distance in between products and consumers. The brand also believes in giving away a lot of free samples for many of its products. Attractive packages with amazing offers all comprises of an ideal Nivea advertising promotional campaign (Iorait, 2015). The brand initially wanted to enhance its market share by the launch of skin care products for men under the NIVEA FOR MEN name. They also meant a greater penetration in the market for male customers needs. In other words the brand just did not want to have a better market share for the market that exists only. Rather it wanted an expansion to the existing market. It wanted more male customer to be aware the needs for their skin and generate an overall interest to come forward and buy skin care products for themselves. The brand has achieved that successfully by making people think that Nivea is the first skin care choice of product for them. Recommendations A recommended advertising strategy will be by creating SMART objectives for its products. These objectives are Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic and Timely. The team can measure and observe data related to these areas over a span of time like three to five years. This helps setting specific targets, forecasting market trends and improving and growing the brand beyond its present performance level. By year 2008, the world saw more male customers spending on grooming and skin care products. Sophisticated marketing product planning must be made for this. Here is how:- Assess the market NIVEA previously revealed that as per its initial marketing plan the first step it took was evaluating the market, business along with the various products and brands it wants to display. The company assessment holds a crucial role in determining its future. By carefully examining the SWOT meaning strength, weaknesses, threats and opportunities one can analyze facts that might sound surprising even. For NIVEA one such surprising element was the scale at which men invested in grooming products like women. So, this assessment must be used to bring forward more products in these lines. Set objectives The brand based on the SWOT analysis must set up their objectives targeting the NIVEA FOR MEN market to go to their next stage. So, based on marketing plan and organizational goals they will set the new objectives. When research data made previously forecast the upcoming trends the team then sets SMART objectives better for the re-launch. These specific targets are met which in turn helped increasing sales, improving brand image and growing the market share (Prezi, 2014). Market it When the objectives are all set the actual fun begins. It is when the team must advance to the next stage of campaign where marketing tactics are implemented. Promotions and advertisement to portray the brand in fashion and magazine catering to men was used. Product sampling is another major promotional tool one can use to grow awareness. One can also use the radio media, television and press advertisement all together for the sampling process. Since year 2000, companies provide more emphasis on the needs of consumers and gets involved in more experimental activities along with marketing and promotional mix. Evaluate results No matter how good the marketing or advertising strategies are, it is never complete without a good evaluation. So, the last blank that needs to be filled is to calculate the results of all the marketing activities made in terms of the goals and objectives predefined. NIVEA marketers must constantly do these market evaluations as this can help them modify or introduce new products. The performance indicators are the key points using which one can devise a new launch plan for the brand (Rahman, 2015). So, the constant question that the brand must keep evaluating is what can be done to go beyond the basics of shampoo, face wash and shaving creams. What different way of thinking can engage the male shopper better and effectively? How can products me innovated so the average male shopper is overwhelmed by choices available. And in what ways will advertising back such product mixes that the right product reaches the right audience in time. These are the many questions that must be always on the top list of checklist by the brand. Answer to these valuable questions might give the company a better value on return with a far better user base than it has at present (Anonymous, 2013). Conclusion Buyers in general never are curious for what a product has. Rather they are curious to know what the product will do for them. Nivea, known for its high standard quality and customer satisfaction continues to be one of the top choices of users. The brand with its ever evolving products and with a policy of continuous improvement has well penetrated in the entire world with its huge range of quality products. The understanding has increased that association of brands are transferred from one product to another which are subsequently introduced in the market. Nivea with its vast portfolio has extended itself into different categories of products all sufficing for some specific area of skin care need. Using social media and other advertising platforms these are communicated to the market successfully (Anonymous, n.d.) References Anonymous. (n.d.). Developing Marketing Strategies. Retrieved from https://ebook.nscpolteksby.ac.id/files/Ebook/Business%20Administration/Marketing%20Management-%20A%20Relationship%20Approach%20(2010)/Part%203%20-%20Developing%20marketing%20strategies.pdf Anonymous. (2013). Case Study: NIVEA Uses Humor to Get Men to Face Grooming Facts. Anonymous. (n.d.). Transfer of Brand Associations Over Time: The Brand Extension of Nivea. Web. Retrieved from: https://marketing.conference-services.net/resources/327/3554/pdf/AM2013_0337_paper.pdf Isorait, M. (2015). Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues. The International Journal: Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Center. 3 (2). Kotler, P. (2011). Reinventing Marketing to Manage the Environmental Imperative. Kulkarni, S. A. (2007). A Nivea Case Study of Segmentation. Retreived from: https://profsamkulka.files.wordpress.com/2007/12/niviecase.pdf Lynn., L. (2016). Examples of Traditional Advertising. Retrieved from:https://smallbusiness.chron.com/examples-traditional-advertising-24312.html Panya Chokchai, K. (2013). A Study of Factors Affecting Brand Loyalty. Prezi. (2014). Nivea For Men SWOT Analysis, Retreived from https://prezi.com/pfe01nyyqdzg/nivea-for-men-swot-analysis/ Rahman, A. A. (2015). Brand Positioning of Nivea. Web. Retrieved from: https://ahmedakifrahman.blogspot.in/2015/04/brand-positioning-of-nivea.html The Times 100. (2008). Developing a Marketing Plan: Nivea for Men. Retrieved from: https://www.ices-study.org/WhatIsEnterpreneurship/CaseStudies/(case%20study)%20nivea.pdf Image Sources https://www.styleicons.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/group.jpg https://www.adweek.com/files/imagecache/node-blog/blogs/nivea-bracelet-hed-2014.png https://payload.cargocollective.com/1/1/42694/517063/nv_de1_780.jpg